To date, it has not been possible to ascribe the transport in a chain transaction in a legally watertight way Hence, the ECJ`s decision in the case Kreuzmayr (C-628/16) has been eagerly awaited. In its decision, the ECJ confirmed that the purchaser’s subjective knowledge (provided that it is supported by objective evidence) must be taken into account but not only that of the supplier. Any stated intention made by an intermediary operator as regards a further sale is therefore irrelevant, even if it could have been assumed following the ECJ decision in the case Toridas (C-68/16). Further, the ECJ denies protection of legitimate expectations where a chain transaction was wrongly evaluated.
more