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Fixed establishments and their requirements are a constant source of questions referred to the ECJ. In practice, it is often not easy to determine whether a fixed establishment exists. The ECJ has previously dealt with the issue of whether a subsidiary can also constitute a fixed establishment of its foreign parent company (C-260/95 - DFDS, C-318/111 - Daimler AG). In the current Dong Yang case (C-547/18), the ECJ was required to concern itself with this question once again.
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By means of the Corona Tax Subsidy Act, the legislator intends to relieve the restaurant industry and the public sector from the burden of VAT. To this end, the reduced VAT rate of 7 % is to be applied to the supply of restaurant and catering services provided in the period from 1 July 2020 to 30 June 2021. The transitional period in accordance with sec. 27 para. 22 of the German VAT Act for legal entities under public law as regards the application of sec. 2b of the German VAT Act will be extended by a further two years until 31 December 2022.
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The German Federal Fiscal Court has referred a case to the ECJ that overshadows all previous cases. It raises the fundamental question of whether the national legal institution of the VAT group is compatible with Union law. The ECJ's judgment may result in all previous VAT returns of controlling companies being deemed incorrect. Requests for correction would be possible within the limitation period. As a result, a billion euro budget gap would become apparent. The Federal Fiscal Court is clearly in favour of the introduction of group taxation. The legislator will now have to act quickly.
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